Christmas-Time Essay

â€Å"Our hearts grow tender with childhood memories and love of kindred, and we are better throughout the year for having, in spirit, become a child again at Christmas-time.† (Laura Ingalls Wilder) Christmas is coming, it is one of the most important and magnificent holidays of the Christian calendar. This is a miraculous time of year when people begin to believe in miracles again and become pure-minded like heartfelt children. We all come from childhood. This is a fun and good time which is associated with sweet memories and a sense of continuing happiness. I remember this happy-go-lucky period of my life when I dreamed with confidence without thinking whether my dreams would come true or not. On Christmas Eve there were dozens of lights which burnt in my house. Honestly, this amazing picture made my heart so bright and happy that I wanted to embrace the whole world. I waited always for Christmas time because it was very great to help my parents to make a special dinner and feel breathtaking holiday atmosphere. Even growing up I become a light-hearted child again for a while, forget all the troubles and plunge into the world of magic at Christmas. Moreover, everything changes in the days of Christmas. In this period of time even the most hardened cynics turn into romantics and become a little kinder. Most people forget about all the difficulties and could be among friends and relatives. All the year round we called each other on the phone occasionally, however at Christmas all loving people gather together at the same table. There is an opportunity to hug each other, talk, and wish happiness during this marvelous night. On Christmas Eve, the sky opens its gates, and we can make a wish, importantly that it should be sincere and from the heart. I want to believe that we can start a new countdown on the eve of this holiday and our life will be more successful and full of incredible things. Once upon a time there was already a miracle, the birth of Jesus Christ. We yearn to believe in wonders and wish to let a little Christmas magic enter into our lives. Enjoy your life and go towards your dream like children – and then the most cherished desires will be fulfilled.

Effectively teaching ethics in schools for later life

Ethical motives are an of import portion of decision-making but pupils arent taught to believe ethically. They do non understand what ethics is. They do non understand the difference between moralss and ethical motives and yet are n't two of the SLO ‘s in the computing machine scientific discipline model related to Ethical Behaviour? So how do we travel about making this? Certain we could merely prophesy to them about what they should and should non make and the alleged grounds for this. This method would be fast and so we can travel on to more interesting things, but learning in this manner we will lose a great chance to learn pupils ethical thought. Plus if we were merely to prophesy to the pupils it would travel in one ear and out the other. So in order to understand if it would be a good thought to learn moralss decently to pupils we need to see where the pupils are at. We need to make this to see if learning moralss is a right for them. We besides need to see what computin g machine moralss is and what it entails and in conclusion we need to look at the benefits of learning moralss in a computing machine class. Students In order to see it is a good thought to learn moralss to pupils we need to look at the pupils. Possibly the moragity of pupils understand moralss and therefore do n't necessitate to be taught. Maybe it is better to state them what to make and non acquire them to believe about the grounds why. If we were to learn pupils moralss would they happen them utile. These all the things we need to cognize before we decide whether it is or is non a good thought to learn moralss to pupils. Let ‘s get down off by looking at the accomplishments the pupils already have. The article Computer Literacy: Deductions for Teaching a College-Level Course by Nitham M. Hindi is an older article that talked about what computing machine skills pupils have. It noted that computing machine accomplishments are really indispensable to concern and it recognizes pupils do non hold the appropriate accomplishments. Students today will alter occupations at least 10 times and alteration callings at least three tim es. The importance of computing machine accomplishments is non lost. In the module of instruction we need to take a computing machine use category even though they wo n't name it that. Besides many other modules including concern demand to take a computing machine use category. This article besides noted that many pupils who took a computing machine class in high school had a huge cognition of pressmans, the Internet and difficult thrusts. Some of the pupils besides had cognition of virus protection runing systems and expose units. Although pupils had a batch of cognition about the how tos, they do non hold cognition about the â€Å" softer † issues. This cognition includes societal issues, ethical issues, planetary issues, and legal issues. It seems like non much has changed. In computing machine scientific discipline, movie and picture taking, or graphics the focal point is on the how to. The sociological side is n't shown. In a artworks category where the pupils are workin g on Photoshop why non speak about the societal issues of retouching exposures. One side to this issue is Photoshoping images to make an unreal sense of beauty. This article goes on to state that work forces were two times more likely than females to hold discussed ethical issues in a computing machine class. This points out another interesting fact. That is that females are more likely non to hold looked at any societal branchings of computing machines. During my research I noticed an interesting subject that emerged. This subject suggested that discoursing societal branchings of computing machines may do computing machine classs more interesting to females. In fact this was a common yarn. I even found an article called Gender and computing machine moralss By Alison Adam which disputed this. Either manner thought in the societal side might hook different people with different positions. I besides found another article that mentioned that adult females ‘s assurance is frequent ly undermined in computing machine classs. This quotation mark is from a adult female who had a batch of programming experience that took a computing machine scientific discipline class she said that Then I got here and merely felt so improbably overwhelmed by the other people in the plan ( largely guys, yes ) that I began to lose involvement in coding because truly, whenever I sat down to plan there would be dozenss of people around traveling, â€Å" My God, this is so easy. Why have you been working on it for two yearss, when I finished in five hours? I remember how computing machine scientific discipline was. I went through the whole plan and got my grade. So I know this is how we treat everybody. We procrastinate and leave everything to the last-minute. We gloat when we complete assignments fast. We brag and show off. Possibly analyzing moralss or other do-gooders may do the ambiance more unfastened and friendly. This article besides points out that adult females may hold the same accomplishments as work forces but are given lesser functions and because of this it has become a male dominate industry. The article goes farther and suggests that because it is male dominated that everything computing machine from the interface to the bit layout is work forces oriented. This could go forth adult females confined to systems which work forces have created and these systems may non be ideally suited to them. I think this is a absurd thought. I do n't see how something can be oriented towards one gender or another. If I said I do n't see guys kicking about the interface of their ironing boards. I would be called out as a biget and a male chauvinist, but is n't it the same statement. There are a batch of things that have been designed by females and I do n't hear cats kicking. It ‘s impossible to penetrate how something designed by one gender will hold negative effects on the other. I do hold a job with the fact that adult females, with the same accomplishment set as work forces, do non acquire the same occupations. This points out a turning demand for the instruction of moralss and if computing machines do hold a gender prejudice, hopefully equal chances will make a balance and this prejudice will henceforth be eliminated. The article entitled Teaching Information Ethics to High School Students by Kathy Lehman looks at a batch of plagiarism pupils do. It looks at the job from a librarian point of position and what a library should make to rectify the job of plagiarism. The bibliothec said that non really many of the 11th class pupils felt guilty downloading music without paying for it. They merely do non believe about the support of the persons. They do non believe about what it takes to contrive or make music or the sum of attempt involved. Those pupils that are 17 old ages or older do non experience really guilty about downloading music illicitly even though they do understand the branchings. The pupils do hold a sense of morality. They recognize the deductions of unethical behavior when it comes to misapply of a friend ‘s electronic mail or images and they understand the dangers of marauders and therefore maintain private information off the Internet. Basically the writer states that they teach the class 11 pupils the branchings of illicitly copying music but when the pupils reach the 12th class they could care less. If we use the same attack learning the moralss model in computing machine scientific discipline we do better to merely trash that constituent. Possibly we should non prophesy to the pupils or to concentrate on a specific aspect of the moralss argument but to hold the pupils create their ain moralss. If they are traveling to copy music they should hold to support their act ethically. I think our ends should be for pupils to utilize moralss to make ground. The focal point should non be on whether they do or make non copy music. As instructors we should focused on the bigger image. We need to concentrate on larning aims and non commercial aims. The article entitled Teaching Ethical motives to High School Students by SUSAN PASS and WENDY WILLINGHAM agrees with my point. The article says that the pupil should non be sidetracked by subjects of moral tyranny and relativism. Moral tyranny means that merely one morality is right. Relativism is the false belief that if certain moralss are right for one group or individual they are right morally. Basically these prejudices boil down to the fact that there are no different point of views when it comes to moral logical thinking. With moral concluding there is merely one right reply. Basically we need to allow the pupils know there are many ways of logical thinking and if you bump into these prejudices you should inquire the category if there are any extra suggestions or options. The article goes on and says â€Å" there is a existent danger of learning striplings in a mode that ignores personal or moral development, but focuses wholly on academic accomplishment. Adolescence is a cli p of turbulence when immature people need counsel † ( 21 ) . Galbraith ( 1979 ) warns us about utilizing indoctrination, dictatorship, and relativism. Indoctrination and dictatorship do non let the pupil to research their sense of moralss, we alternatively coerce them to accept or reject what the teacher tells them is true. Relativism besides creates a barrier to acquisition as it destroys systematic ethical doctrines. It assumes that because it is right for you it is right for everybody else. Thus it destroys the arguments before they begin. What we need to make is to make moral development through treatment. The article written by that bibliothec besides notes that pupils are really good at happening illegal signifiers of electronic media and importing them straight into their PowerPoint or multimedia undertakings. It besides points out that because these undertakings are normally done at place, there is no inadvertence from bibliothecs who can assist learn the pupils about right of first publication and plagiarism. Merely late there has been a province authorization, where this librarian works, that states that every school territory will implement the course of study of Internet safety. There libraries must be I safe certified. Their County has a really rigorous acceptable usage policy which all staff must subscribe. Classroom instructors need to implement the 10 % or 30 2nd regulation for utilizing proprietary digital media. In short, they talk about their carnival usage understandings and copyright Torahs and the importance of spying beginnings. In fact at Thomas Dale no pupil can co py a paper, either their ain or a siblings paper that took the class in the past, or from on-line beginnings, because the school has a database with all old documents of all time submitted to that school and of class they have a plan that will seek this database and the Internet for similar documents. The article said it was a powerful inducement for pupils non to plagiarise. This is of class because the pupils do non desire to acquire caught, non because they feel guilty or possess any ethical duty non to plagiarise. When I read this I thought this would be something cool to prove so I found a similar plan called Viper and I have had a batch of merriment look intoing to see if the writer themselves have plagiarized. At this school they besides teach pupils about how to make up one's mind what information you should portion and about the importance of being true and honest. This manner the pupils know how to utilize societal networking sites suitably and non distribute false rumor. In short it seems they have become really hawkish to support right of first publication in all its signifiers. Alternatively of learning moralss to protect right of first publication they have used a run of menaces and coercion to support it. We have seen the shout approachs of these tactics. What they are rely learning the pupils is how non to acquire caught. So far it seems that pupils ca n't believe ethically. We have seen that merely stating the pupils what to and what non to make does n't work. Even if you merely show one side of an ethical issue and utilize ethical logical thinking to support it that would be a bad thought. You need to show the whole issue and your pupils need to develop their ain positions. They need to do judgements and to be able to support their ain point of views. We can besides see this information will profit the pupils as it will let them to make a fairer and more welcoming environment no affair where they may travel. What is computing machine moralss? We have seen that learning moralss to pupils is a good thought but what is computing machine moralss? The word â€Å" moralss † is a derivative of the Greek word ethos, which means â€Å" imposts † . This is because these are the steering beliefs on the ideals that defined a community. This is why I think we use the word moralss to speak about professional moralss and non the word ethical motives which relate to oneself. It is of class perchance that person ‘s moralss may conflict with their ethical motives. Ethical motives consists of statements that tell us how the universe should be. Everything we do and make non make can be a possible topic for ethical rating. When reading about computing machine moralss, most people view it as separate from regular moralss. Kallman and Grillo province that there is no existent particular class for computing machine moralss but the ethical state of affairss in which computing machines are involved have drastically changed the state of affairs. Computers have addressed the concerns related to free address, legal power, namelessness, and trust. There are besides some concerns about the features of personal information on the Internet. In short the Internet has made it so everybody can be an writer and the writer can be anon. . This has led to jobs with trust. If anyone can print, how can we swear the information? It has besides led to inquiries about free address because the Internet is so anon. people can compose or make whatever they want. They can print hateful messages and commit hatred offenses. Another job is that the Internet is planetary and different states have different Torahs so who has legal power when a jurisprudence is broken? Some states have erected a planetary firewall to ban the populati on to unwanted political or societal positions. Last there is a job with what people put up online sing privateness. I did non truly understand this issue but that is non the point. The point is that computing machines have made these jobs more broad spread and prevalent and yes these subjects were talked about in the regular moralss, but they were talked about separately. In computing machines they all come at the same clip and converge in different ways to make a new set of issues Moor has a nice manner to turn to it. He views computing machine moralss as a specific field where we identify policy vacuities that before the computing machine did non be. He states that computing machine moralss attempts to clear up conceptual confusion environing these issues and to explicate and warrant new policies in countries with either no policies or policies that have been broken. So who would be the best people to analyze this new signifier of moralss? In the article, On the Importance of Tea ching Professional Ethics to Computer Science Students, Gordana and Dodig-Crnkovic has an interesting thought. They say that In order to understand computing machine moralss jobs we need a new type of individual. We need person who understands the cultural functions that computing machines play and they besides have to hold an apprehension of the proficient inside informations of the job. In short we need person who understands societal branchings every bit good as the computing machine scientific discipline portion. Thus it makes sense to learn computing machine moralss with computing machine scientific discipline. So non merely is it portion of our computing machine scientific discipline model but people with proficient cognition are better suited for computing machine moralss. The following inquiry would be what ethical theories should be used in the schoolroom. It is of class non appropriate to try to utilize spiritual ethical theories so what should we utilize? Should we utiliz e useful or virtue moralss? One article I read said that a figure of philosophers have argued that traditional ethical theories can non be applied to all computing machine moralss issues. These ethical theories include deontological, useful, and aretaic ( virtue moralss ) theories. I besides read another article that suggested we use a intercrossed attack. It recommends that high school pupils can easy utilize Kantian moralss and virtuousness moralss to make an ethical determination. The pupils must happen a solution to which both of the ethical theories apply. So far we have seen that Computer ethics is different that regular moralss. I have demonstrated ways in which the computing machine engineering has created nothingnesss in policies and how engineering has changed ethical thought. Last I have shown that it takes techniquly minded people to understand computing machine moralss. Therefore there is a demand for computing machine scientific discipline pupils to understand moralss. We have seen that pupils will profit from a class in moralss and we have besides seen what computing machine morals is. We have besides talked about some benefits along the manner so now let ‘s take a expression at other benefits in learning our pupils moralss Reasons why There are many benefits in learning moralss to our pupils. The NCSS says that moralss is an indispensable constituent for societal engagement and interpersonal relationships so pupils need to make and show their ain personal strong beliefs as portion of their ethical decision-making procedure. In fact even John Dewey recognizes the demand to learn moral judgement to pupils. The article goes on to state that ethical thought gives pupils the ability to conceive of and research possibilities before they make a judgement. As pupils apply moralss to real-life scenarios they non merely develop their sense of moralss but they besides develop higher-order thought accomplishments. When pupils are believing ethically they ‘re working at the top three degrees of Bloom ‘s taxonomy. They are utilizing creativeness, synthesis and analysis. As already mentioned, computing machines have created many ethical issues that have non existed in the yesteryear. When people are working on computing machines they miss the face-to-face contact of working with people. They are indirectly removed by the machine, as such ; they do non see the moral branchings of their actions. They do non believe about other people when doing determinations. This means that as instructors we need to speak about these issues. We need to acquire our pupils to believe about the universe in which they like to populate. They need to develop a codification of behavior. They need to believe about how they treat other people, even people they do n't see. Computers have created new signifiers of media which are more synergistic. Now anybody has the ability to pass on globally. They can be anon. . Peoples can copy and reproduce any signifier of digital information. This new signifier of engineering airss many jobs. Hackers could utilize distant terminuss to in terrupt into systems. They may or may non hold a malicious purpose. They could be merely proving their accomplishments as a hacker and in making so may really assist by indicating out holes in the security. So does the Intent do this action ethical or is it still unethical because the individual broke in. Another job is the copying of proprietary plants. The writer or Godheads rely on income by selling their package to people who are willing to purchase their merchandise. If the people who are willing to purchase the merchandise acquire it for free, so the Godhead loses money. Not merely do writers hold to worry about their plants being copied, confidential records can be easy copied between databases. Another concern is about what types of information authoritiess or corporations collect about us. This is known as the large brother fright. It is of import to state pupils they have the right to see any information on any database sing themselves. This is known as the freedom of info rmation act. The whole armory of ethical issues can be drawn from the field of unreal intelligence entirely. The involvement and consequence will go even more outstanding as clip Marches frontward Deborah Hurley ( 2000 ) presents the thought that computing machine devices will shortly be portion of our vesture and even portion of our organic structures such as biochips and implants. The ethical deductions will go on to progress. There are a batch of issues related to computing machine moralss and as the engineering evolves and becomes more incorporate into the societal facets of mundane life, there becomes a stronger demand to learn pupils about moralss and what it means to act ethically. Last we are learning our pupils computing machine scientific discipline. Computer scientific discipline is a profession and as such it has a codification of behavior. What I mean to state is that we have several professional organisations and each has its ain codification of behavior. There is ACM, AITP and IEEE-CS. We are learning our pupils computing machine scientific discipline and moralss is an built-in portion of it. In category we talked about how most pupils will non prosecute computing machine scientific discipline in any signifier of postsecondary surveies. My counter statement to this is merely because they are non taking station secondary surveies, does non intend they wo n't develop plans in the hereafter. So it is up to us to learn them to believe ethically about the package they create. Just expression at the ruins of the yesteryear when coders and plans failed. There was The detonation of the country and five projectile in 1996 or the Therac-25 machine which gave peop le excessively much radiation. Computer scientific discipline has direct impact on the quality of people ‘s lives and they must take into history the wellness safety and public assistance of the populace. It is & lt ; = a professional codification of behavior that makes moving ethically the norm. It outlines their duties to themselves and the public codification Acts of the Apostless as an educational tool supplying a focal point for treatment as it talks about professional behavior. I think it would be a good thought to do a professional codification of behavior with your category. This could work as a schoolroom direction scheme. In your category you want your pupils to move ethically. You do non desire them to copy and glue codification from the Internet. You do non desire them to disrespect each other. You want assignments in on clip. I could travel on and on but to sum it all up you want your pupils to move professionally. In this subdivision we once more looked at all the specific ethical issues from this it is easy to see all the negative effects they can hold on our pupils. We need to learn them moralss so they can believe about each state of affairs as the demand arises and while we do this we are learning them critical accomplishments. We are learning the higher degrees of Bloom ‘s taxonomy. If this is non an adequate ground to convert you we are learning them a profession and with that profession comes ethical duties. These duties can be imported into your schoolroom to make a better richer larning environment. We have seen that Computer ethics is a new typical field that your pupils can larn a great trade from and we have besides seen that the pupils will profit emencily. If your still non convinced the model says we have to learn moralss and we mine every bit good do it right. Dodig-Crnkovic, G. ( n.d. ) . On the Importance of Teaching Professional Ethics to Computer Science Students. www.idt.mdh.se. Retrieved November 4, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.idt.mdh.se/~gdc/work/TeachingProfEthics.pdf Herman, T. ( 2001 ) . The province of computing machine moralss as a philosophical field of enquiry: Some modern-day positions, future projections, and current resources. Ethical motives and Information Technology, 3, 97 – 108. Hindi, N. M. ( 2002 ) . Computer Literacy: Deductions for Teaching a College-Level Course. Journal of Information Systems Education, Vol. 13 ( 2 ) , 143 – 152. Lehman, K. ( 2009 ) . Teaching Information Ethical motives to High School Students. Library Media Connection, v27, p28-30. Pass, S. ( 2009 ) . Teaching Ethical motives to High School Students. Social Studies, v100 n1, p23-30. Rikowski, R. ( n.d. ) . Teaching ethical issues in Information Technology: how and when. www.libr.org. Retrieved November 4, 2010, from www.libr.org/isc/issues/ISC23/B9a % 20Ruth % 20Rikowski.pdf

Risk Management and Investment Coursework Portfolio Essay

Risk Management and Investment Coursework Portfolio - Essay Example I changed the portfolio by taking the additional step to modify the number of shares and adding funds to the I already hold in the portfolio. There were few reasons to make the alterations in my portfolio starting with returns and performance of the individual stocks. The objective of the investment is to maximize the return and is found in UK. The fund comprises of the following; Barclays PLC, BG Group plc., Glencoe Xstrata PLC, Royal Dutch Shell Plc., Invensys PLC, Experian PLC, BHP Billiton PLC, Standard Chartered PLC, Old Mutual PLC, and ITV PLC. Additionally, there is 500,000 pounds in cash that need to be deposited, that earn 1 per cent annually since the inception date. Investments trust whose main goal is to generate income, faces the problem of managing all host of investments which have to be materialized using a lot of resources. There are two sets of study that alleviates the problem. First is the rules and mechanism that are defined for the needed tasks of schedule development and control schedule and its resource management. Additionally, the investment portfolios are described to allow maximization of portfolio, portfolio balancing, strategy alignment, and choosing the correct number of stocks. There is however a problem of managem ent that I faced. This is attributed to the fact that formal an investment portfolio management method was used to carry out the investment. This problem is specifically called the push problem. Additionally, the release problem where the objective of portfolio is to deliver the investments that raises the value of investments. The objective can therefore be achieved by recommending a condition that has to be followed (Prime 2007). The main objective of the investment fund is to maximize on the returns with low risk. Therefore, the investment needs to be focused on incomes that are

Based on the IBM Social Computing guidelines, create a social Essay

Based on the IBM Social Computing guidelines, create a social computing guidelines blog for your company - Essay Example Hence, Heavy Machine Enterprise Co. must make it mandatory that each staff member participates in such interaction and exchange of ideas, on global basis. Being an innovation based company, Heavy Machine Enterprise Co. must stress that each employee participates in the continuous learning process. Accoringly, the company should emphasize that social computing can contribute largely towards the growth of an individual and organization. Another important aspect of IBM computing guidelines deals with the tool of contribution, among the staff and all concerned, worldwide. IBM has the vision of contributing to the world as an innovator and corporate citizen, with a view to provide government and non-governmental organizations, health care industry and businesses, the necessary innovations by sharing the knowledge with all concerned. Acknowledging the importance of social computing, Heavy Machine Enterprise Co. must recommend to its employees using internet, which has been the policy of IBM since 1997. Therefore, Heavy Machine Enterprise Co. should encourage all staff members to participate actively in the blogosphere for learning and sharing their knowledge. The staff member is responsible for any document published by him or her. The company should stress the importance of on-line content, which everyone must use in a responsible manner, while respecting rules of the particular website and protecting the privacy of publisher. In addition, any staff member of Heavy Machine Enterprise Co. can declare his or her role in the company while publishing any content or discussing company related products and services. However, any published material shall be the personal responsibility of the individual. While respecting copyright laws of the land, no staff member can disclose any propriety information. Similarly, discussing the business plans and other related

Robotic Heart Surgery and its Benefits Research Paper

Robotic Heart Surgery and its Benefits - Research Paper Example After all, the perceived increase in financial burdens a more universal health care bill would place on the public – higher taxes, higher costs for businesses, higher co-pay fees, etc. – was the main argument used by the strongest opponents of the bill (Hossain and Quealy, 2010). Implementing change, especially in health care, is always difficult to accomplish for several reasons. As Underdahl (2009) argued in a study, even a seemingly simple procedure as getting a signed informed consent form from a patient can be a tough challenge even in a health care system where the major players are educated and informed professionals. When the change is a new technology, the resistance to change and the difficulty in adapting becomes an even greater challenge, especially when surgeons are involved (Geer, 2000). This is the case with Robotic Heart Surgery or RHS, a new technology that has received mixed reactions from all sectors of the health care field. The purpose of this paper is to show that RHS, one of the â€Å"relatively recent† variations of Minimally-Invasive Cardiac Surgery or MICS, is a beneficial and viable alternative that can help meet the goal of the Health Care Reform Act of 2010: better and affordable health care for more Americans. This paper will show that RHS is better, safer and more acceptable to patients and a new breed of heart surgeons. In addition, despite its high initial costs, RHS can be more economical in the long run and make heart surgery affordable to more patients. These developments would also have an impact on the work of health care professionals. In view of the benefits of RHS, and despite initial opposition of many to the new technology, its wider acceptance must be promoted and steps must be taken to prepare health care practitioners for the potential increase in the number of people availing of the procedure.

International Economic Environment of Business Essay

International Economic Environment of Business - Essay Example This essay stresses that the United Arab Emirates has evolved through series of business strategic developments which have seen it survived many economic crises during the last four decades. The country has adopted proactive measures to make sure that the activities of the foreign investors are not hindered by any internal economic hurdles that could destroy the plan of UAE government to create an international business haven for businesspeople of different kind. This paper makes a conclusion that the United Arab Emirates is made up of seven federating states that are governed by a President and constitutional monarchies. The country has interconnected series of governing bodies that manage the affairs of both the public and the business sector. Even though the Islamic ideology is the modus operandi, the institutions of social control in United Arab Emirates have been modernized in recent times, and they are quite similar to those obtainable in Western countries. The President appoints ministers who will manage the affairs of their respective ministries. As far as international business is concerned, the following ministries provide the appropriate protection for the foreign businesses operating in UAE: ministries of Foreign Trade, Economy, Social Affairs, and so on. There are some business regulatory agencies which regulate the business environment to guarantee that standards are not compromised; there are law-enforcement agents like police, immigration and customs officials that make sure that the properties of foreign businesses are duly protected.

General statistic Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

General statistic - Statistics Project Example Formula used for cumulative frequency calculations is Relative Frequency The relative frequency of the distribution shows the largest share of frequencies lies in the age groups of 21-22 and 22-23. The relative frequency also depicts that the majority share of the students lie in the middle age groups Class Boundaries The class boundaries are calculated to be .05 from the class limits. The Mean, Median and Mode The class boundaries and data for the calculations of mean, median and mode have been represented in the table below No. of students F Student ages Class boundaries X (F)*(X) 1 17-17.9 16.95-17.95 17.45 17.45 5 18-18.9 17.95-18.95 18.45 92.25 15 19-19.9 18.95-19.95 19.45 291.75 19 20-20.9 19.95-20.95 20.45 388.55 22 21-21.9 20.95-21.95 21.45 471.9 21 22-22.9 21.95-22.95 22.45 471.45 14 23-23.9 22.95-23.95 23.45 328.3 3 24-24.9 23.95-24.95 24.45 73.35 ?F = 100 2135 Figure ii Mean The mean is calculated from the table to be Mean = = 21.35 The mean suggests that the average of th e data lies at the age of 21.35. Median Here, the number of observations ?F= n=100 This is an even number, so the median is average of (n / 2) th and (n / 2 + 1)th Observations I.e. average of ( 100 / 2 )th and [(100 / 2) + 1]th observation. I.e. average of 50th and 51st observations. Where l = lower limit of median class C.F = cumulative frequency of class prior to median class. f = frequency of median class. h = class size. Median= = 21.4 Mode The mode of a data is the value that has maximum number of frequency. Where: l = lower limit of modal class f1 = frequency of modal class fm = frequency of class preceding the modal class. f2 = frequency of class succeeding the modal class h=class size Here the modal class is of age groups 21-22. Hence,... The mean, median and mode are close to each other, this represents a normal frequency distribution. The close values of mean and median depict the data to be a normal distribution, if the median and mean were far apart that would have meant that the data with the higher value of F*X is dominating the average. But since the median and mean are close together this shows neither the higher nor lower frequencies are affecting the data nor the data average is independent of the extreme end values of the distribution. The graph that shows the frequency distribution is shown below. The graph clearly predicts a normal distribution of frequency that is the age groups of Middle Ages 20-23 have the highest frequencies, and the frequencies fall at either side of the midpoint. The trend line follows a normal bell curve shape. The conclusion can be deduced from looking at the results is that most of the students in a university starting their university at the ages of 19. A few students who excel at school or high school level are granted leaps in their grades and start the university at an earlier age. That is why there are a small group of students in the age category of 17-18. In addition, the age group of 24 and above indicates students who have been relegated in semesters or have started their university at a later age. But looking at the relative frequency they only form 3% of the total specimen. So the majority of the students are normal students who start university at the age of 19 and end up at the age of 23.

Mis 2200 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mis 2200 - Essay Example Options that encourage interaction between members are preferable. Some of these options include blogs, group web sites, and team space offerings. These tools permit sharing of documents, thoughts and comments in an easy to use and access medium. The Internet has changed the way groups communicate and interact with each other. Group members who consistently use the available tools can easily contribute to the completion of classroom group assignments. Some of the benefits of using tools like a blog include enhanced group participation and immediate delivery of information to support assignments. There are no schedule constraints as group members are able to comment and share information whenever it is convenient for each individual. There are many challenges to completing classroom group work effectively and efficiently given the number of distractions and obligations group members must juggle. Group members need to be able to communicate and contribute to group assignments in an easy to use and manage forum. Technology offers a number of solutions that can assist groups with collaboration, management, and completion of

Interpersonal communication about When Harry met Sally movie Essay

Interpersonal communication about When Harry met Sally movie - Essay Example One of the producers and writer, Nora Ephron won an Oscar award. The main characters, Harry and Sally whose real names are Billy Crystal and Meg Ryan were also nominated as the best actor and actress. The film received critical reviews, which were positive (Internet Movie Database, 1990). Some of the most credible critics cited that the film had some of the most entertaining scenes and funny. The theory proposes that relational closeness always progresses from a superficial state to one which is intimate (Kanu, 2008). Harry and Sally’s relationship only grew when they were alone after separating from their lovers. For example, Sally had broken up with her fiancà © Joe and had to disclose it to Harry. In another scene, Harry is seen alone (Reiner, 1989). Similar to what the theory proposes, the closeness between two people develops as a result of self-disclosure. The RDT theory posits that relationships between people always reflect the tensions existing when people are communicating which usually arises from conflicts (Kanu, 2008). In addition, the theory proposes that relationships focus on the opposing behavior of people. In the film, it is clear that Harry and Sally began to regret because of spending a night together. The characters depicted a sense of guilt in different scenes (Reiner, 1989). As proposed by the theory, there are opposing tendencies because a relationship cannot exist without parties sacrificing their self-rule. Harry said he felt it was a mistake. While Sally agreed to Harry’s opinions verbally, her non-verbal tone in one of the scenes indicated she did not feel it was a mistake. The film confirms that the concept of just being friends and not lovers is not true. The theory proposes that when there is an interaction between people, the uncertainty between them reduces (Kanu, 2008). The theory presumes that when the relationship is beginning to grow, there are many doubts. Harry and

How to write a professional resume Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How to write a professional resume - Essay Example This is a very important document that is used in different organizations for selection as well as recruitment purposes of the employees. A professional resume is carefully designed and the layout is catchy such that it helps the reader to grasp all the necessary information about a person without any hassle. A close analysis of the resume for Paul DiCicco shows that a resume is a document that contains important information about a prospective job candidate. Firsts and foremost, it can be noted that a resume is focused and it does not meander in as far as the subject matter is concerned. For instance, the name of the candidate as well as personal contact details are presented on top of the information. This makes the document visible such that it can be read clearly by any person without labouring to access the information needed about a candidate. Professional resume writing requires considerable effort as well as practice since this document determines the chances of success or fa ilure of the prospective job seeker in his endeavour to secure employment in a certain organization. Another important consideration when writing a resume is that a short career summary should be inserted at the beginning of the resume. This helps to describe the job applicant and it also gives information about the prospective candidate. A potential employer can easily read the resume and he can gain insight about the qualities of the person applying for a certain position in the company. Information about the candidate is written in a brief and clear manner such that it can be understood by any person who has browed the resume. The main purpose of writing a brief summary is that it captures all important details about a job applicant without presenting unnecessary details that may congest the document. Potential employers do not have time to read all details about a candidate on a resume since they go through hundreds of resumes on a daily basis. It is therefore important to captu re the attention of a potential employer through designing a resume in a professional manner. Professional experience The other important consideration when writing a resume is related to professional experience. As shown in the resume for Paul DiCicco, it can be seen that the section for professional experience should contain important information about the job candidate such as the period he has done the same type of work. This helps the employer to evaluate the capability of the job applicant’s potential of performing the same task should he be hired to fill the vacant post. This section also helps the employers to screen the number of candidates vying for the same post since the resume contains information about experience possessed by different individuals. This section of the resume also helps the employer to evaluate if he is dealing with the right candidate. In most cases, work experience is very important since helps the employer to save money in as far as training a nd development of the employee is concerned. The number of years in terms of experience is also very important when writing a resume. This helps the employer to select the right person who has knowledge in the work being offered. Education This is one of the most important sections of a resume. This section is presented in a reverse chronological order, that is from top to bottom. The highest level of education or qualification is presented on top and this is followed by other less important qualifications in order of the years they were obtained. When recruiting candidates for certain posts within an organization, the employers are more interested in the professional qualifications of the person involved. These

Marketing Communications Memo Essay Example for Free

Marketing Communications Memo Essay This year this organization has elected to erect a monument to honor the fallen military heroes of Jacksonville, Florida. Some demographics of this large city are its’ multigenerational and diverse ethnic population, varied socioeconomic span, and of course, the large military representation, both active duty, retired, veterans, and their families. The location of Jacksonville in northeast Florida is a great stopover spot for tourists making their way to Orlando or Tampa and the snowbirds on their journey to southern Florida for the winter. The location of the monument should be centralized and near a major highway, possibly Interstate 95 between Interstate 10 and Interstate 295 South. Jacksonville, Florida is a military town and rich in its military history. According to United States Census Bureau QuickFacts (Jacksonville, 2008-2012) approximately 81,000 veterans live here. This number represents 10.5% of the total Jacksonville population. When including Orange Park and Jacksonville Beach to these numbers the veterans’ total number increases to nearly 85,000. This number is not reflective of the family members surrounding the veterans. The QuickFacts sheet goes on to state that the average household in Jacksonville, Jacksonville Beach, and Orange Park, is approximately 2.50 persons. The number of individuals living in the greater Jacksonville, Florida area directly related to the military member adds another 127,500 people for a total of 170,000 (QuickFacts Orange Park, QuickFacts Jacksonville Beach QuickFacts Jacksonville, 2008-2012). We will want to choose a central location for the monument as Jacksonville, Florida has the greatest land mass in the continental United States with 885 square miles (Insider’s Guide to Jacksonville, Florida, 2014). By centralizing the location we can attract as many of Jacksonville’s residents to visit the monument. We must also take into consideration the ease of access to the monument for out of state visitors. If the location is too complicated to get to many people will not visit the site. The monument site will also have a visitor/gift shop with smaller images of the Fallen Heroes Monument for sale, along with military memorabilia of the two naval military installations, Naval Air Station Jacksonville and Naval Station Mayport, and Marine Corps Support Facility Blount Island Command along with military collectables. The various National Guards outfits along with the Coast Guard will be represented as well. The gift store will be maintain and staffed by Naval Air Station Jacksonville and proceeds will help with the upkeep of the monument. We will build the store as part of the monument site. The City of Jacksonville has donated the land in the name of the local fallen heroes. The project hopes to capture national attention with its innovative design and availability of military collectables. We want not just the Jacksonville, Florida residents to take pride in this monument but the State of Florida and our nation. Fundraising will be accomplished by reaching out to local military and veteran organizations. The Veterans of Foreign War, American Legion, Student Veterans of America, and American Veterans are all onboard to help with fundraising events like car washes, cook-outs, and large yard sales. We have also partnered with the local motorcycle clubs in Jacksonville, Florida who have scheduled several Saturday rides throughout the state. Historically the bikers clubs have donated large sums of money to events such as ours. The Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office and Jacksonville Fire Department are also collecting donations to help defray the total cost of the monument. Naval Station Mayport and Naval Air Station Jacksonville will have golf tournaments to support the building of the monument. Grants from the City of Jacksonville and from the State of Florida have been pledged.  There will be a website featuring the future monument and donations can be accepted there as well. Military personnel come from all ages, racial ethnicities, socioeconomic levels, and religious backgrounds; it is a fair assessment to predict that the visitors to the monument will be of the same diversity. The marketing direction will be of one from pride in our nations’ military men and women, the good work they do the world over, and the sacrifices they have given. The local community is fully committed to the project and is evident by the large number of private contributors. References: Insider’s Guide to Jacksonville, Florida. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.insideflorida.com/city/info/Jacksonville QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau. (2008-2012). Florida. Retrieved from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12000.html QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau. (2008-2012). Jacksonville, Florida. Retrieved from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12/1235000.html QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau. (2008-2012). Jacksonville Beach, Florida. Retrieved from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12/1235050.html QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau. (2008-2012). Orange Park, Florida. Retrieved from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12/1252125.html

Tangibility and intangibility of humanity Essay Example for Free

Tangibility and intangibility of humanity Essay In my artwork which is done in clay I attempted to portray how high and low culture can be merged in a sculpture. My intention for this piece was to portray a character normally found in fiction, and; attribute it with features that express human emotion. Looking at my piece one could easily say that the bust portrayed is that of a non-existent creature, such as an alien or a gargoyle. However, in portraying my theme, I intentionally gave the sculpture a downcast expression as seen in the hollow and downturned eyes as well as the bowed position of the bust. Here, I would like to portray the contrast between the tangibility and intangibility of humanity where the intangibility is represented by the existence of imaginary or self-inflicted states as I would like to portray in the creature and the tangibility which is represented by the human emotions in the piece. In doing this I believe I was able to achieve what Jeff Coons tried to achieve in many of his artworks where he tries to represent two levels of culture and society in a singular artwork to establish the link between the concepts and ideas. For instance, in his piece â€Å"Rabbit† he is able to express the merging of two diametrically opposed concepts, novelty and value. The mere fact that the artwork is done in metal but is of a common object, an inflatable bunny, makes the artwork representative of two different social spectrums. This is what I wanted to achieve in my artwork. I can say that I was able to achieve this in my piece by taking something out of fantasy and using this to portray the very real emotions of humanity. The effect is an apparent fusion between the two concepts which all the more makes it interesting. What my artwork represents is not however strange or foreign except for the fact that there are no fantastical creatures in real life. What it is representative of is the very real phenomenon of derivation of emotional instability or the lack of it from the existence of unreal of fictional situations. This concept is quite common among people of high society who believe in one thing but portray another. So, in effect the merging of the high and the low of culture could be easily expressed in my artwork as the apparent and the real – what can be seen but is not real and what cannot be seen but is real and genuine. This same concept is portrayed by Koon in his artwork of Michael Jackson and his pet monkey – this is an illustration of how a piece, while featuring two very famous figures or household names, actually represents two layers of society and even satirizes the contrast between Jackson and the monkey on a more intimate level. In addition to the features of my artwork that I mentioned I would also like to mention the reason why I intentionally gouged out a line that runs from the forehead down to the chin. While this particular feature seems to present the creature as a humanoid hybrid between man and ape, which all the more makes it a fusion of two cultures, the line also makes obvious what normally are imaginary lines in anatomy. This makes the piece more verbose in its portrayal of the tangible and the intangible. I used these features in my artwork because I consider genuineness in emotion a component of high culture and the concealment of these emotions in fantasy a component of low culture. I am aware though that the piece I did is not as articulate as I expected it to be, but in more ways than one, it expresses what I want to convey to my viewers. Another aspect that I would like viewers to take notice of is the medium and what is portrayed using the medium – I portrayed a fantastical creature using a mundane medium making an even stark contrast between the heights of fantasy and the lows of reality.

Difference Between Boycotts and Lockouts

Difference Between Boycotts and Lockouts Difference between boycotts and lockouts 1- INTRODUCTION Human Resource Management (HRM) is the function which works within an organization .It focuses on recruitment of staff, managing them and giving them direction to the employees who work in that organization. Human resource management can be performed by line mangers (Tesco superstores line manger performs the duties of human resource management ).Human resource management function includes several activities and key among them is deciding to use independent contractor or hire employees to get the job done .Ensuring they are high motivating, able to work in a team and dealing with performance issues. Human resources management also include employee benefits and compensation and managing your approach to employees records and personnel activities. Managing human capital means to conquer and to maintain people in the organization, who will work and give the maximum of themselves, with a positive attitude. The following work will attempt to answer the question Do you think boycotts and lockouts are two other anti-impasse weapons sometimes used by labor and management? An impasse occurs when the parties arent able to move further toward settlement. Sometimes, a strike occurs. Responding to the strike involves such steps as shutting the facility, contracting work, or possibly replacing the workers. Third party involvement namely, arbitration, fact-finding, or mediation- is one alternative. Examine the steps you will undertake as part of the HR management team, in order to answer this question this project will open with a review of the literature that has been written on the issues raised by the question above. It should be noticed that a vast amount of writing has been done on this issues but only a few of them dimmed to provide the most benefit to the purposes and intend of this assignment have been sited. Those countries their economy is operating full employment the bargaining power of the worker is strong and his employer is weak. When there is short fall of full employment then employer is more stronger than employee. In this case employees are compulsory to accept employer conditions. It is recognized that the right of workman to strike is an essential element in the principle of collective bargaining. In a non unionized work place, managers use their discretion in organizing work, selection, promoting and training people and other duties of human resource management but it can be change if the worker join the union. Once the join the union they comes across so many agreement and knowledge about employment relationship. Union main demand is all of its representatives are getting right wages ,no job cuts ,no over load of work They have an interest in work related learning and employee development. 2-BOYCOTT A group refusal to have commercial dealing with some organization in protest against its policies, usually it happens because of political reason. In other words boycott can be defined as a rejection of an individual, cop ration or nation to give political and social pressure for change. Example 1: Swadeshi Movement Against British Rulers In 1905,when India was a part of British empire ,a boycott of foreign goods was declared, which is known as swadeshi movement..Indians boycott all British products, to setup local stores where only locally manufactured goods had been sold. They could use British products but it was against their sovereignty. This movement was a good step for their freedom movement. (www.india_resource.tripod.com) Example 2: United States Boycott Against French Products In 2003,France tried to stop bush administration to build international support for a war to depose saddam hussain.In response united states have declared a boycott of French products specially French wine. French wine producers claims their sales are effected in united states because of boycott. (www.nber.org) Example 3: Greenwich Council Workers Boycott Against New Office In Greenwich council six hundred staff reused to work because there was no security screens on new office entrance .They have boycott to work in new office because of security reason. (www.personneltoday.com) Example 4:International Campaign The international campaign organized against A E Stanly, the corn processing plant in Illinois in early 1990s when 10 12 hours four days weekly shift was introduced. The campaign entailed a boycott of important A E Stanley customers like Tate Lyle, Pepsi and miller. (Scullion and Lineham, 2005). 2.1 TYPES OF BOYCOTTS There are two different types of boycotts Those in which users , consumers, or member register their disappointment through avoidance. Those in which an individual or organization takes a leadership position by increasing an active campaign against a product, service, company or organization. 2.2 Silent boycott Silent boycotts are unorganized boycotts spread by gossips in revenge of number of reasons and hit the company before they realize what is happening. Example 5: Toys R Us Boycott Toys of Violence Toys r us, was the subject by silent boycott. Their top management decided not to sell toys of violence like toy tanks, guns, aircraft and similar products. They did not sit with their customers. As a result their market shares never fully recover. (www.boycottnet.com) Example 6: IBM Vs Compaq IBM became target of a successful silent boycott, because of its superiority in which they have treated self-directed distributors. In a result Compaq computers became a very serious threat. (www.boycottnet.com) 2.3 Focused boycott Its simplest term, it involves dissecting the problem into its components and then zeroing in on the most vulnerable point. Example 7: Slaves Boycott Sugar Products The earliest example of focused boycott was in England when slaves boycott sugar products. In 1791, when parliament refused to eliminate slavery and result of this boycott sugar sales dropped by third and half. (www.ethicalconsumer.org) 3-Lockouts When an employer withhold work and denies workers to access their work place. Its a strike by management to induce settlement to a labor dispute on employers terms. when several employers take this action together its called shut down or joint lockouts. A lockout is defined as being the act of an employer in: Closing the employers place of business, or suspending or discontinuing the employers business or any branch of that business; or Discontinuing the employment of any employee; or Breaching some or all of the employers employment agreements; or Refusing or failing to engage employees for any work for which the employer usually employs employees; and Is done with the view of compelling employees, or to aid another employer compelling employees to accept terms of employment or comply with the demands made by the employer. 3.1 REASONS OF LOCKOUTS There can be many reasons of lockouts such as: When union goes on strike and employers want to put pressure on union for reducing the number of members who are able to work. employers can announce a lockout until the strike ends. Another case is when an employer mat compel a lockout to avoid slow down or irregular work stoppages. Example 8: Golden Reach Factory Lockout Its Workers In year 2003, between march and September when the management of golden reach factory in India locked out,1400 of its workers in response to strike called in protest. The golden reach factory is a subsidiary of unilever an Anglo Dutch conglomerate ,unilever has never declared a lock out in Netherlands conglomerate seems to have different policies towards labor, depending on the country which its operates. (www.britannica.com) 4-STRIKES Union and labor associates use strike as weapon to get their demands accepted. Its starts when bunch of workers want to push pressure on their employers, they cease work until they get there demands accepted by employers. In an industry when trade unions and labor associates denies to work until they get their demand accepted is called strike. In a strike people are agreed to stop their work and protest against their employers or government to put pressure on them to pay rise or any other changes they want make on their work place. 4.1REASONS OF STRIKES Trade union and labor associates calls strike for several reasons such as: Salary and incentive problem Increment is not up to mark Dissatisfaction with company policy Dismissal of a staff wrongly Withdrawal of any privilege or concession Hours of work Paid holidays Provident and gratuity Minimum wage dispute Environmental problem on work place Example 9: Royal Mail Strike For Wages Royal mail strike called in because of jobs cut, services, wages, benefits and privatization .Strike is hitting postal services. Communications workers union (CWU) said 25,000 workers participated in this strike. That was the biggest strike after 2007.Major cities (London, Edinburgh, Ipswich, Bristol, Birmingham) got effected of this strike. Workers are protesting against â€Å"panic driven† cuts being made at royal mail to pay job and services. It effects customer trust on royal mail. Postal workers are fed up because of lacking ability of management and their behavior. Royal mail has accused the union of reneging a modernization deal that ended the 2007 strike. (www.guardian.co.uk) Example 10: RMT Vs TFL RMT(rail maritime and transport workers) is largest of the four unions which deals with TFL(transport for London).RMT wants to cancel their contract with TFL because they redundant RMT workers. Even they denies to pay rise.RMT wants a guarantee to protect job of its members.RMT workers called a strike because their demands were not accepted. It effects all the people of London who travel by public transport. (www.guardian.co.uk) Example 11: British Airways Staff For Redundancies British Airways chief .executive (Willie Walsh) has given three weeks notice to BA staff to agree job redundancy and pay cuts. He offered his staff to voluntary redundancies because company is fighting for its survival. As a result strike occurred.BA passengers faced difficulties for traveling. Most of the flights were cancelled. That was the worst time for British airways and still not fully recovered. (www.guardian.co.uk) Example 12: National Strike Against Economical Policies 19 March 2009,union have called for a strike in France ,to protest against French president Nicolas Sarkozys wrong policies in the economic slump. More than 1.2 million people came on the streets. Employees from the private sector and civil servants demonstrated in the cities from Paris to Marseille, schools have been close and transportation have badly effected. President Sarkozy has offered 2.6 billion euro (3.5 billion dollor) tax cuts and aid to unemployed and law paid workers unions in France demanding for more to protect their workers in the recession time when unemployment has reached 2 million and its expected to increase further. Bernard Thiboult ,general secretary of the confederation general du travel. The country 2nd largest union have said if the government says we will not change the policies then there should be no surprise if climate gets tougher. (www.bloomberg.com) Example 13: Massive Strike In Italy April 2002, millions of employees have ceased work and went for strike against government plans to giving special powers to the employer to hire or fire employees easily. The strike was called by three main unions of the country which has brought parts of the country to stand still. Union said rallies in Rome ,Milan, Bologna ,each rally had a crowd of more than 200,000.It was the first all day work stoppage in 20 years. Schools ,banks were remain closed all day even the public transport ,buses ,rails ,air and sea has stopped. There was no live TV no news paper were published. Prime minister silvio Berlusconi said after the strike that he is ready to start talks with union leaders but he insisted that reform of the labor laws was necessary. (www.bbc.co.uk) Example 14: Protest Against Bridgestone The international campaign against the Japanese tyre Bridgestone which is subsidiary of firestone. The workers were replaces with their substitute workers. (www.laborrightsblog.typepad.com) 4.2 TYPES OF STRIKES There are several different types of strikes such as: Sit down strike Slow down strike Economic strike Sympathy strike General strike Sick out(sick in) strike Wildcat strike 4.3 Sit down strike Its a strike when workers do not absent from work place. They dont leave control on production facilities but do not work. This strike is also known as pen drop strike or tool down strike. In this type of strike employees shown up to their jobs but they refuse to work and refuse to leave, in these circumstances they make it very difficult for their employers to resist against union and take control of area. Example 15: ACPA On Strike for Pay Rise In Pakistan(Punjab) more than 2.2 million clerks went on a pen drop strike on call of APCA(all Pakistan clerk association). According to the press release more 2.2 million clerks protest against government and to support their demands regarding their pay rise. They demanded that government should increase the salaries of lower sub- ordinates to the inflation rate. (www.dailytimes.com.pk) 4.4 Slow down strike In this type of strike employees do not stop the work they remain on their jobs but they control the rate of productivity in organized manner to pressure on employers. Example 16: Chief Justice Of U.S Wants More Salary Chief justice of united states district court judge (Carl B. Rubin) went on slow down strike when congress refused to increase his salary more than 51% to reply that only he only hear two cases usual ten cases a month. (www.washingtonpost.com) 4.5 Sympathy strike When employees of one unit , industry, factory go on strike to support employees of separate but related industry, profession, unit is called sympathetic strike. Example 17: Renault 1997,French Motor manufacture company Renault announced the closure of its Belgium production plant at Vilboorde, company dismissed almost 3100 workers without consulting with workers representatives. The colure of the company leads another 1000 redundancies among supplies and subordinates. Unexpected colure of the company in Belgium generated very high level of sympathy action not only in Renault workers across the Europe but also car workers in Belgium were fearful of the same fate. Representatives of the unions of France, Belgium and Spain met and agreed to seek the reasons of the colure of the plant at Vilvoorde and find all possible legal avenues. They organized one hour strike and involves the union of Portugal and Slovenia . Car workers in France, Spain and Belgium protest against Renault, Their plants in 3 different countries were hit by one hour work stoppages. workers of related motor manufactures industries like Polo ,Opel and Ford in Belgium staged sympathy actions. (www.eurofound.europa.eu) 4.6 Sick out(sick in) strike When all the members of union called in sick at the same day is called sick out strike. They dont break any rules but sickness of majority of the staff at the same day leaves very strong impact on employer, that if the staff really went on strike. Example 18 : Air traffic Staff On Strike For Wages In 1969 when united states air traffic controllers called in sick strike because of wages and condition. The traffic controllers walked out and stay out of job for three weeks and called in sick, attempting to avoid the legal penalties for striking. (www.libcom.org) 4.7 Economic strike In this type of strike labor stop their work and put pressure on their employer to increase their economic needs like wages and bonus. Example 19:Lublin Strike In 1980 the workers of eastern city of Lublin (Poland) went on strike for increase of their salaries and cheap prices of food products. July 1980 almost 50,000 local workers from more than 150 companies went on strike. Its also called Lublin strike. (www.tnn.pl) 4.8 General strike It means a strike by all members of union in the region or an industry. This strike can called in by all the members of the union in the region for their common interests. In these types of strikes workers intend to put pressure on the government. Example 20:Union And Non Union Worker On Strike In the year of 1934 in san Francisco union and non union workers went on strike. They have protest against police and employers tactics that had killed two picketers. (www.newdeal.feri.org) Example 21: Trade Union Conflict With Coal- Owners A general strike had occurred in 1926, By the trade unions of great Britain. they were supporting miners federation in their dispute with coal-owners Government had granted a year subsidy to the coal-owners because of the bad state of coal-mining industry and set up a commission of inquiry under sir Herbert Samuel. the commission suggested a scheme of reorganization the industry as soon as practicable when government subsidy was due to expire the coal-owners made up their mind that they are not going to employ the miners except lower rate and longer hours, but they did not give them any proposal until after expiry of the notices, and then did not include any plans for considerable reorganization to result of this trade union congress called a conference of its unions and reported that there is no alternative to a general strike majority of the organized workers stop their work, essential services partially carried on by volunteers acting upon plans outlined by government in the light of railway strike 1919 and miners strike 1920 (www.historybookshop.com) 4.9 Wild cat strike This strike takes place by employees with out the authority and permission of union. Example 22: Prison Officers On Strike Hundred of prison officers went on strike to support their colleagues in HMP (Liverpool). The prison staff at Cardiff, Preston and wands worth are expected to stop work unless managers agree to talk with prison officers association Staff at Liverpool are on unauthorized strike. (www.news.sky.com) 5) Collective Bargaining The process through which members of management and the union meet to negotiate a labor agreements. According to Dessler(2005), the good faith refers to the conditions of both partiesto make every reasonable effort to arrive at agreement good faith bargaining may include the following Surface bargaining Inadequate concession Inadequate proposals and demands Dilatory tactics Imposing conditions Making unilateral changes in conditions By passing the representative Committing unfair labor practices during negotiations Withholding information Ignoring bargaining items Example 23: Northwest Airlines has refused to negotiate with mechanics union representatives because of a reason that their representative have met with mechanics union representatives three times before but they did not respond on their proposal. (Dessler, 2005). Example 24: Employer international union has said that baryant college representative are not fully responsive on the issues of wages, respects and benefits. 134, unfair labor claiming that baryant college negotiators are failed to negotiate with union. (Dessler, 2005). 6)Intervention of the third party When the parties fail to handle the situation then they want to refer this matter to third party. 6.1 Types of intervention 1) Mediation: Mediation is a third neutral party which only arrange a meeting with both parties ,listen both parties issues and try to bargaining common points. Mediation dont have any authority to come to decision .They just offer a settlement package. 2) Fact finder: Fact finder is a neutral third party which deals only to study the issue and make public recommendations for settlement. 3) Arbitration : Arbitration is the only powerful intervention because arbitration has a authority to give them decision for settlement. 4) Conciliation : Conciliation has no power, their role is only to clarifying the issues and offers advice. 7- Recommendations These are the following steps to helps company to come out from this situation. 1) Salary: Company have to make sure employees dont have any issue with their salaries. Their salaries should be on time. Every six months their contract should be renew and give them a pay rise. That should be good step to make them happy .They will be more productive. 2) Bonus: Company should give bonuses to their staff. like Christmas bonus. It would be a step to motivate them. 3) Benefits: If employee are getting benefits like discount card, pensions, insurance and other benefits then employee cannot think for strike. 4) Job guarantee: Employees should have a job guarantee. IF they have a job guarantee they will be more loyal with company because they know their job is secure and employer fulfills all their demands. 5) Paid holidays: Employee should have a privilege of paid holidays. Its the extra benefit that employees are getting from company. This way employees have a relief from work and makes them more energetic to work after holidays. 6) Dismissal of the wrong staff: Company must have rules and regulations for their staff. Do not dismiss any member of staff. who does not deserve to be dismissed. If there is a situation then try to observe then make a decision because wrong decision effects on company† s image. 7) Redundancies: If company is running with any financial crises and want to redundant staff , then company should give them one month notice , give them redundant pay according to law. 8) Dissatisfaction with company policies: Employees must be satisfy with company policies. They should not have any problem. If there is any thing which they think is not on the right place they should complaint and give suggestions to the management. 9) Hours of work: Employees working hour should be accurate. If they are working more than normal hours then they should get their time back or pay them as overtime. 10)APPRAISAL: Employee should get promotion at work. If they have skills employers should promote them with a good salary package. 8- Conclusion: The conclusion of this report is that strike, lockout and boycott are not healthy for company, Organization must have proper strategies to run a business . If there is good relationship between employee and employer then company will run fine. and organization will able to achieve its targets If company polices are not meeting staff requirements then they will disappointed and could take a step towards strike. Employer should always prepare to solve these kind of situations. IF strike occurred then it is a issue for employer, employee and organization. It effects. on everyone related to the company Its better to sit together and resolve the issues. Overall in labor relations worker should be happy working with their employer and employer should keep an eye on workers needs and their work. IF any of them fail to fulfill their duty then it can become a huge problem and one day worker can go for strike , lockout and boycott. Arbitration can try to solve the situation. Collective bargaining is step where they can control the problem.. They fix a meeting between employee and management and open channel for communication for each other. If collective bargaining fails then management need to prepare to deal with one of the anti impasse weapon strike. The best way is to resolve it with intervention. The main causes for strikes are wages, pay cuts, job cuts and wrong policies. If human resource management team properly control these factors then there is no cause for strike.

Is There a Real Difference Between a Neurosis and a Psychosis Essay

Is There a Real Difference Between a Neurosis and a Psychosis A major part of clinical psychology is the diagnoses and treatment of mental disorders. This can often be difficult and controversial due to the fact that many of the disorders can be confused with others; there aren’t always clear guidelines in which to follow. An example of this confusion can be seen in the disorders Neurosis and Psychosis. Neither neurosis nor psychoses appear as major categories in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III). The main reason for this is that both categories were fairly broad and included a number of mental disorders with quite dissimilar symptoms. Consequently, mental health professionals did not always agree on the diagnosis for a particular patient. Neurosis is a functional (Psychogenic) disorder consisting of a symptom or symptoms caused, though usually unknown to the patient, by a mental disorder. The four commonest are Anxiety State, Reactive Depression, Hysteria and Obsessive-Compulsive Neurosis. We all know what it is to feel anxious. Anxiety becomes abnormal when it is out of all proportion to the cause, or when it continues long after the cause has been removed. Patients with other mental illnesses often feel anxious from time to time, but the term anxiety neurosis is used to describe the illness in which anxiety is the main feature and the patient feels anxious all the time. Reactive Depression is a form of depression where the cause is known i.e. marriage break-up or bereavement. Reactive depression can be classed as a neurosis as it is an exaggeration of the normal expected response to such situations. In medical language the word Hysteria is used to mean that a symptom is beyond the patients control. If I have to take an examination tomorrow and to get out of it I ring up and say that I cannot attend because I am going to the dentist, I am malingering. I am quite deliberately telling a lie to get out of taking the examination. But if, on the morning of the examination, I wake up with a raging toothache although there is nothing wrong with my tooth, this is hysteria. There is nothing wrong, but the pain is genuine. I am quite truly incapable of sitting the examination. The symptom is out of my conscious control and has become hysterical. Hysterical symptoms always serve to get us out of som... ...ers, neurosis and psychosis, may appear small but they can help in the diagnoses and treatment of patients. It can be very difficult to treat a patient when the cause of their illness is unknown or when the illness itself is difficult to understand. It is for this reason that mental health professionals need to categorise mental disorders as clearly and concisely as possible. The DSM-III dropped the entries of neurosis and psychosis and split them down into subdivisions to try to enable better diagnosis but there is still confusion as to the differences between neurosis and psychosis. There is not only a difference between the two but also a difference in each individual case. Different things effect people in different ways and many people although share the same illness have completely different symptoms. Every case should be looked at individually and treated as such. Instead of looking for the best treatment for neurosis, it would be better to look for the best treatment for an individual. References Introduction to psychology - Atkinson - Hilgard - 1983 The science of mind and behaviour - Gross - 1999 The oxford companion to the mind - Gregory - 1987

insulting :: essays research papers

Luis A.Galindo LÃ ³pez. Has insulting become a habit? Nowadays the use of swear-words has become a normal form of speech among population, and probably even more extensive among teenagers. The reasons why insulting is so widespread in modern society may range substantially amongst the different social groups in which society is stratified. It is clear that nowadays insulting might seem to be more natural than some decades before, but this fact becomes very clear once we take into account the evolution concerned to freedom of speech. This aspect does not mean that insulting is something new in today’s culture; using swear words in our daily speech is as ancient as life itself, but because of the abovementioned freedom of speech, we are used to hearing or reading this part of our vocabulary in any circumstance, whether on television or on radio or on any situation. One of the main means for the use and, consequently, for the learning of these words is television. It is almost impossible not to watch a film or a television program i n which a swear word is not mentioned. It is on television where people learn not only the meaning of swear words but also the situation in which has to, or might, be used. A very different aspect is to try to analyse whether insulting has become a habit in our society or just a mean of showing different emotions before a particular situation. Insulting is not just using words with more or less strength in their meaning, but it also implies a deliberate increase in the tone of the utterance. By intensifying the tone of our speech when we insult means an attempt to let clear the seriousness of our intimidation or threaten. To affirm that insulting has turned out to be a habit in the

Anne Bradstreet: The Heretical Poet :: essays research papers fc

Anne Bradstreet: The Heretical Poet Greg Saxon The purpose of this research is to discuss heretical elements in the poetry of Anne Bradstreet (1612-1672). This is not to imply that Bradstreet was a heretic in the sense that American religious reformer Anne Hutchinson was. Hutchinson (1591-1643) emigrated to Boston in 1634 and preached a doctrine of salvation through intuitive apprehension of grace rather than by works, and attacked the rigid moral and legal codes of New England Puritanism. Anne Bradstreet accepted the tenets of Puritanism and was a very religious person. Anti-Puritan themes are, however, to be found in her poetry in terms of her religious doubts, her expression of personal emotions and thoughts, and her artistry. She did not write to preach or teach,, as Puritan writers were instructed to, but to express herself. It is this personal expression that forms the basis of the heretical elements in her poetry. To understand why personal expression may be considered heretical, the society in which Bradstreet lived and wrote must be examined in order to comprehend what kinds of human activities and behaviors were acceptable and how Bradstreet deviated from these behaviors. Bradstreet was not truly unorthodox in that she did not dissent from accepted beliefs and doctrine. She was a woman of the 17th Century and lived in a male dominated, intensely religious society. She lived within the limitations not only of the beliefs and standards of her society, but of her sex. A woman's place was definitely in the home in Colonial America. The experiences of women were considered narrow and trivial in comparison with men's. Puritanism was more than a religious belief; it was a way of life. "In the dozen years before 1640, some 15,000 Englishmen crossed the Atlantic in order to establish a 'Holy Commonwealth' in which that way of life could flourish"(Hall 1). The Puritans were a party in the Church of England that arose in Elizabeth's reign with the purpose of carrying out the Protestant reformation, and to base the Church of England on the foundation of the scriptures. Aside from a literal belief in the Bible, Puritans wholly accepted the doctrines of John Calvin and his stern legalistic theology. The Puritans held that religion should permeate every phase of living. The purpose of life was to do God's will; everything else was subordinate to this basic doctrine. The Colony set up by the English Puritans was essentially an experiment in Christian living. Religion and earning a living were the two priorities of the Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In contrast to the Pilgrims, they were well-off and well-educated men, many of whom were professionals and

Fluid Mechanics Lab

EN 1029 Laboratory Laboratory FM Declaration: In submitting this report, I hereby declare that, except where I have made clear and full reference to the work of others, this submission, and all the material (e. g. text, pictures, diagrams) contained in it, is my own work, has not previously been submitted for assessment, and I have not knowingly allowed it to be copied by another student. In the case of group projects, the contribution of group members has been appropriately quantified. I understand that deceiving, or attempting to deceive, examiners by passing off the work of another as my own is plagiarism.I also understand that plagiarising another's work, or knowingly allowing another student to plagiarise from my work, is against University Regulations and that doing so will result in loss of marks and disciplinary proceedings. I understand and agree that the University’s plagiarism software ‘Turnitin’ may be used to check the originality of the submitted cou rsework. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Theory 2. 1 Impact of a Water Jet 2. 2 Flow Through a Venturi Meter 3. Experimental procedures and results 3. 1 Experimental procedure – Impact of a Water Jet 3. Experimental procedure – Flow through a Venturi Meter 3. 3 Results– Impact of a Water Jet 3. 4 Results– Flow through a Venturi meter 4. Discussion 4. 1 Impact of a water jet 4. 2 Venturi meter 5. Conclusion 6. References Appendices Abstract Rate of flow was measured in two different experiments, Impact of a water jet and flow through a Venturi meter. The main objective was to calculate the change in momentum and energy loss in flow which was put under pressure. The experiment showed that results obtained can significantly defer from the theory if energy losses are not neglected. 1.Introduction Water is the most commonly used resource of renewable energy. In 21st century, hydropower is used in more than 150 countries around the world. It is also the most effici ent method of producing energy with 90% efficiency output. Impact of a Water Jet is used to show how mechanical work can be created from water flow. When a fluid is put under pressure, the pressure gives it high velocity in a jet. Jet strikes the vanes of the turbine wheel. This wheel then rotates under the impulse created by the water jet hitting the vanes. Venturi meter is used to measure discharge along a pipe.In this experiment, when pressure is dropped, there is an increase in velocity. Pressure magnitude is dependent on rate of flow, so by measuring the pressure drop, discharge can be calculated. Main objective of both experiments is to calculate rate of flow under pressure. 2. Theory 2. 1 Impact of a Water Jet From impulse-momentum change equation it can be assumed that force is generated due to the change in momentum of the water. In other words, force equals the difference between the initial and final momentum flow. Arrangement of jet impact apparatus used is given in Figu re 1 Figure 1Jet impinging on a vane is shown in Figure 2. Control volume V is used, bounded by a control surface S. The entering velocity is u1 (m/s) and it’s in the x –direction. The vane deflects water jet and the leaving velocity is u2 inclined at an angle ? 2 to the x – direction. Pressure over the surface of the jet, apart from the part where it flows over the surface of the vane is atmospheric. The change in direction is due to force generated by pressure and shear stress at the vane’s surface. The mass flow rate is . Mass flow rate is the mass of substance which passes through a given surface per unit time [kg/s].Experiment was done for flat and hemispherical vane. Figure 2 Force on the het in the direction x is FJ (N), then momentum equation in the s- direction is FJ =(u2 cos ? 2 – u1) (1) From Newton's Action- Reaction law, force F on the vane is equal and opposite to Fj F =(u1 – u2 cos ? 2 ) (2) For flat plate ? 2 = 90Â ° so cos ? 2 = 0. Therefore F =u1 (3) For the hemispherical cup, it’s assumed that ? 2 = 180Â ° so cos ? 2 = -1,so F =( u1 + u2 )(4) The effect of change of elevation on jet speed and the loss of speed due to friction over the surface of the vane is neglected.Therefore u1 = u2. So, F=2u1(5) If resistance forces are neglected, this is the maximum possible value of force on the hemispherical cup. Rate at which momentum enters the control volume, or rate of flow of momentum in the jet, is detonated by symbol J. J =u1(6) For the flat plate rate of flow of momentum in the jet is equal to the force on the vane. This is shown in equation (3). F=J(7) For the hemispherical cup, maximum possible value of the force is from equation (5) F=2J (8) If the velocity of the jet is uniform over it’s cross section it can be concluded that =? 1A (9) 2. 2 Flow Through a Venturi Meter Piezometer tubes were bored into a wall and links were made from a each of these to perpendicular manometer tubes, w hich were placed in front of a millimetre scale. Venturi meter is shown in Figure 3 Figure 3 It’s assumed that the fluid used is frictionless and incompressible, fluid flow is steady, and energy equation was derived along a stream line. Bernoulli’s theorem states that u122g+ h1 = u222g+ h2 = un22g+ hn (10) From continuity equation Q=U1A1=U2A2=UnAn(11) here Q is discharge rate( m3/s), and A is cross-sectional area of the pipe(m2) substituting for u1 gives u222ga2a12+ h1 = u222g+h2 (12) Solving equation (3) for u2 gives u2 =2g(h1-h2)1-a2a12 (13) From equation (4) Q=a22g(h1-h2)1-a2a12 (14) In previous equation it was assumed there was no energy loss in the flow and the velocity was constant. In reality, there is some energy loss and velocity is not uniform. Equation (5) is therefore corrected to Q=Ca22g(h1-h2)1-a2a12(15) Where C is the coefficient of the meter.Its value usually lies in within range 0. 92 to 0. 99. Ideal pressure distribution is given in equation (7) hn-h1 u222g=a2a12-a2an2 (16) 3. Experimental procedures and results 3. 1 Experimental procedure – Impact of a Water Jet The apparatus shown in Figure 1 was levelled and lever was balanced, with jockey weight at zero setting. Weight of the jockey was measured. Diameter of the nozzle, height of the vane above the nozzle and the distance from the pivot of the lever to the centre of the vane were recorder. Water was then released through the supply valve and flow rate increased to maximum.The force on the vane displaces the lever, which is then restored to its balanced position by sliding the jockey weight along the lever. The mass flow rate can be established by gathering of water over a timed interval. Additional readings are then taken at number of reducing flow rates. The most efficient way of reducing flow is to place jockey weight precisely at desired position, and then adjust the flow control valve to bring the lever to the balanced position. Range of settings of the jockey posi tion may be separated efficiently into uniform steps. 3. Experimental procedure – Flow through a Venturi Meter The objective of this experiment is to establish the coefficient of the meter C. Bench vale and control vale should be open so water can flow to clear air pockets from the supply system. The control valve is then progressively closed, so the meter is exposed to a steadily increasing pressure. This will cause water to pass up the tubes. When water levels have risen to a suitable height, the bench valve is slowly closed, so that, as both valves are lastly shut of, the meter is left holding static water under adequate pressure.Amounts were then recorded for values of (h1 –h2) and discharge value Q is recorded. The rate of flow is measured by gathering of water in weighing tank, whilst values of h1 and h2 were read from the scale. Similar readings may be taken at a sequence of reducing values of h1 –h2. About 6 readings, proportionately spread in the range of 250 mm to zero. By reading off from all the tubes at any of the settings used, the pressure distribution along the length of the Venturi meter may be logged. 3. 3 Results– Impact of a Water Jet Two sets of readings were taken, one for the flat plate other for the hemispherical plate.Table 1 contains readings for the flat plate and Table 2 results for the hemispherical plate. These tables can be found in Appendix 2. Mass flow is calculated by dividing the Quantity (kg) by Time (s) taken to collect water. Quantity should be converted to m3 where 1 kg water will be 1/1000 m3. e. g. If quantity is 30 kg, time taken is 52. 69 s, mass flow is 0. 569 103 x Q. Using the equation (9), u1 can be calculated. From uo2 = u12 – 2gs , uo can be deduced. For flat plate J can be calculated using equation (6). F is calculated from F X 150 = W x yData from Table 1 and 2 are plotted on a graph to give a comparison between forces and rate of momentum flow of the impact. Graph is present ed in Figure 4. Additional information are given in Apendex 2 Figure 4 (Series 1-flat plate, Series 2- hemispherical plate) 3. 4 Results– Flow through a Venturi meter Two sets of data were compared. Values shown in Table 4 are measurements of h1 and h2 at different discharges. In this part of the experiment C is assumed to be constant over a range of measurement. Closer inspection of Table 4 shows C is not constant as Q varies.Piezometer measurements are recorded in Table 5 and compared with ideal pressure distribution given In Table 3. Figure 5 Graph shown in Figure 5 gives variation of (h1 -h2)1/2 With Q. Equation of the graph line is y= 0. 581 x h1-h2=0. 581 x Qx 103 Q =5. 81 x 10-4h1-h2 (16) Substitute (16) in equation (15) to get a value of C. C= 0. 604 Figure 6 shows both ideal and set of results obtained in the experiment. Series 1 shows ideal pressure distribution, and series2 shows obtained results. Figure 6 4. Discussion 4. 1 Impact of a water jet Theory compares we ll with the experiment considering that the two lines have different gradients.In theory, gradients of lines are significantly steeper, and this might be because an error in the experiment occurred. Likely errors that might have occurred are measurements of mass of jockey weight; distance L from centre of vane to pivot of lever or diameter of water jet emerging from nozzle. If Mass of jockey was wrongly logged by 0. 001kg, Force on the vane would have 2% error. The graph that was obtained shows force on the hemisphere us less than twice the flat plate. This can be concluded from the line gradient. This implication is supported by the theory.In theory, no friction losses or any other kind of energy losses were included in equations. In the actual experiment, there were some energy losses like friction over the surface of the vane and effect of change of elevation on jet speed. It was assumed that velocity of the jet was uniform over its cross section, which would imply ideal flow. It ’s likely that this was not the case, and momentum gained by the change in velocity. 4. 2 Venturi meter Value of C determined in table A is higher than it theoretically should be. This is probably due errors that occurred in the experiment, like parallax rror. Air in pipes could have also caused an error in the experiment. Value of C obtained from Figure 5 gives a more realistic value of 0. 604. The difference between the ideal pressure results and values recorded in the experiment is acceptable considering the coefficient of the meter C that is not included in ideal pressure distribution. Flow of 1x 10-3 m3/s is expected to lie on a negative hn-h1u222g value. 5. Conclusion From both experiments it can be concluded that the flow was not ideal and there were significant energy losses that differ obtained results from theoretical results.In the impact of a water jet experiment it was proven that force on a flat plate is less than the force on the hemispherical plate. Therefore change in momentum flow was smaller. In the Venturi meter experiment it was shown that ideal pressure distribution differs from obtained results because energy losses effect the results. The errors in both experiments can affect the results significantly an lead to wrong assumptions. References Fluid Mechanics, Third Edition? JF Douglas, JM Gasiorek, JA Swafield? Longman Mechanics of Fluids? BS Massey, Van Nostrant Reinhold? Chapman & HallAppendix 1-Nomenclature Symbol| Quantity| SI units| F| Force| N| J| Rate of flow of momentum| N| u| velocity| m/s| | Mass flow rate| Kg/s| D| Diameter| m| h| height| m| A| Cross-section area| m2| ?| Angle of elevation| degrees| ?| density| Kg/m3| Appendix 2-Raw data Impact of a water jet Diameter of nozzleD= 10. 0 mm Cross sectional area of nozzle A =? D24=7. 85 x 10-5 m2 Height of vane above nozzle tips= 35 mm = 0. 035 m Distance from centre of vane to pivot of leverL= 150 mm Mass of jockey weightM= 0. 600 kg Weight of jockey weightW =Mg = 0. 600 x9. 81 =5. 89 NQuantity (kg)| T(s)| y(mm)| 103 x Q(m3/s)| U1(m/s)| U0(m/s)| J(N)| F(N)| 30| 52. 69| 65| 0. 569| 7. 25| 7. 20| 4. 13| 2. 55| 30| 57. 81| 55| 0. 519| 6. 61| 6. 56| 3. 43| 2. 16| 30| 61. 28| 45| 0. 490| 6. 24| 6. 18| 3. 06| 1. 77| 15| 22. 76| 35| 0. 659| 8. 40| 8. 36| 5. 54| 1. 37| 15| 28. 12| 25| 0. 533| 6. 80| 6. 75| 3. 62| 0. 98| 15| 37. 09| 15| 0. 404| 5. 15| 5. 08| 2. 08| 0. 59| 15| 75. 09| 5| 0. 200| 2. 54| 2. 40| 0. 51| 0. 196| Table 1 Quantity(kg)| T(s)| y(mm)| 103 x Q(m3/s)| U1(m/s)| U0(m/s)| J(N)| F(N)| 30| 52. 87| 120| 0. 567| 7. 23| 7. 18| 8. 24| 4. 71| 30| 56. 8| 105| 0. 527| 6. 72| 6. 67| 7. 08| 4. 12| 30| 60. 78| 90| 0. 494| 6. 29| 6. 24| 6. 21| 3. 53| 15| 21. 75| 75| 0. 690| 8. 79| 875| 6. 07| 2. 94| 15| 24. 60| 60| 0. 610| 7. 77| 7. 73| 9. 48| 2. 35| 15| 28. 32| 45| 0. 530| 6. 75| 6. 70| 7. 16| 1. 77| 15| 37. 32| 30| 0. 402| 5. 12| 5. 05| 4. 12| 1. 18| Table 2 Venturi Meter Piezometer Tube No. N| Diameter of cross-section(mm)| Areaa(m2)| | | | A(1)BCD(2 )EFGHJKL| 26. 0023. 2018. 4016. 0016. 8018. 4720. 1621. 8423. 5325. 2426. 00| 0. 0005310. 0004230. 0002660. 0002010. 0002220. 0002680. 0003190. 0003750. 0004350. 00050. 000531| 0. 150. 6900. 8701. 0000. 9520. 8660. 7940. 7330. 6800. 6340. 615| 0. 1430. 2260. 5721. 0000. 8230. 5630. 3970. 2880. 2140. 1610. 143| 0. 000-0. 083-0. 428-0. 857-0. 679-0. 420-0. 253-0. 145-0. 070-0. 0180. 000| Table 3 Quantity (kg)| T(s)| h1(mm)| h2(mm)| 103 x Q(m3/s)| (h1- h2)(mm)| (h1 -h2)1/2(mm)1/2| C| 12| 17. 67| 346| 20| 0. 679| 0. 326| 0. 571| 1. 236| 12| 17. 53| 346| 20| 0. 685| 0. 326| 0. 571| 1. 248| 12| 17. 60| 346| 20| 0. 682| 0. 326| 0. 571| 1. 242| 12| 20. 69| 330| 84| 0. 580| 0. 246| 0. 496| 1. 216| 12| 18. 40| 330| 84| 0. 652| 0. 246| 0. 496| 1. 367| 12| 19. 5| 330| 85| 0. 616| 0. 246| 0. 496| 1. 212| 12| 21. 36| 324| 114| 0. 562| 0. 210| 0. 458| 1. 275| 12| 20. 90| 324| 114| 0. 574| 0. 210| 0. 458| 1. 303| 12| 21. 13| 324| 114| 0. 568| 0. 210| 0. 458| 1. 289| 12| 20. 00| 336| 58| 0. 600| 0. 278| 0. 527| 1. 183| 12| 18. 31| 336| 58| 0. 655| 0. 278| 0. 527| 1. 292| 12| 19. 16| 336| 58| 0. 628| 0. 278| 0. 527| 1. 239| 6| 12. 23| 310| 176| 0. 491| 0. 134| 0. 366| 1. 395| 6| 12. 32| 310| 176| 0. 487| 0. 134| 0. 366| 1. 342| 6| 12. 28| 310| 176| 0. 489| 0. 134| 0. 366| 1. 389| 6| 17. 11| 298| 224| 0. 351| 0. 074| 0. 272| 1. 342| 6| 18. 5| 298| 224| 0. 317| 0. 074| 0. 272| 1. 212| 6| 18. 03| 298| 224| 0. 334| 0. 074| 0. 272| 1. 277| 6| 0| 296| 296| 0| 0| 0| 0| 6| 0| 296| 296| 0| 0| 0| 0| 6| 0| 296| 296| 0| 0| 0| 0| Table 4 Piezometer Tube No. | Q=0. 682 x 10-3u222g – 0. 587 m| | hn(mm)| hn – h1(m)| hn-h1u222g| A(1)| 346| 0. 000| 0| B| 328| -0. 018| -0. 0307| C| 202| -0. 144| -0. 245| D(2)| 20| -0. 326| -0. 555| E| 52| -0. 294| -0. 501| F| 142| -0. 204| -0. 348| G| 190| -0. 156| -0. 266| H| 224| -0. 122| -0. 208| J| 246| -0. 100| -0. 170| K| 264| -0. 082| -0. 140| L| 268| -0. 078| -0. 133| Table 5 Appendix C